ESA’s €22 Billion Crossroads

Balancing Artemis Commitments with Europe’s Commercial Space Ambitions

When European Space Agency member states gathered in Bremen last November, they delivered something remarkable: a record-breaking €22.3 billion budget commitment over three years, representing a 32% increase from the previous cycle. The headline numbers suggested unity and ambition. But look closer at the country-by-country breakdown, and a different st…